Style 85 E Style 17 Natural Style 85 CG Style 100 Style 30 Style 23 Natural Style 11 Natural Salzedo Style 23 Bronze Style 11 Nouveau Style 23 Gold Style 11 Gold Comparative table PEDAL HARPS Grecian 1,800 Description: This is a beautiful Grecian Harp. Pilgrim Harps Charity Christmas Video Campaign. Try before you buy! The harp has a lovey tone and is in very good cosmetic condition for its age. Download a price list for Lever Harps and Pedal Harps. A lovely Teifi Eos in Ash with a fiddleback soundboard, in excellent condition with only a couple of small marks. -Comes with bag, tuning key, base and strap. The Petite Daphne 40 string model delivers the same stylish elegance and melodic voicing of a concert harp while furnishing the . For example, when the C pedal is changed from the flat to natural, this will change ALL the C strings on the harp to natural; push the C pedal down a further notch for C-sharp. Designed for manageability and high quality of sound, this is the 3/4 sized Daphne 40. Designed by Lyon & Healy, inspired by our city, the new Chicago harps - unmatched in value and sound. Used Lever and Celtic Harps currently available from The Harp Connection No information available Home Top Celtic Lever Harps Classic Lever Harps Used Pedal Harps currently available from The Harp Connection No information available Cosmetically the harp is in an unrestored condition so has damage commensurate with its age. Royal Mail, Parcel Force, Parcel Hero. . GwZMX|8 x")UX). (PRE ORDER) Oscar Schmidt - Black 21 Chord Acoustic Electric Auto Harp! Diana 47Refined sculpture, hand-decorated soundboard, intricate details and legendary sound.. Maker: Salvi; Height:188cm;Weight: 40kg. Welsh Triple, Early Pedal Harps by Tim Hampson HARP MAKER Specialist in Triple Harps, Clarsachs, Replica Early Pedal Harps, Stools and Music Stands Harps I have produced a wide range of harps as detailed below. This site or third-party tools used by the site, make use of cookies that are necessary for its functionality and useful for the purposes outlined in the cookie policy. .. Your purchases help youth music programs get the gear they need to make music. This harp is a decretive object only and is not playable. OS73CE *Make An Offer!*. <> Harps vary widely in shape and size, with variations including smaller Celtic harps, as well as full-sized, floor-standing concert harps which include a set of foot pedals in addition to the strings. And what's mo Our 19-string Knee Harp is an ideal starter harpfor a young child and is aneffective therapy harp. Our22-string Heather Harp is an inexpensive, but substantially built Celtic lever harp. 3,000. This harp is anideal starter instrument for young children,is an effective smallthera Our6-stringminiature Celtic harpis an idealgift, a perfect instrumentfor a young child or abeautifulornament onanymusic lover's desk! Because a Salvi harp has value and because it fulfills your dreams. Beautiful Erat Grecian with a lovely rich tone. Will suit a professional harpist, concert quality. Buy Pedal Harp Harps and get the best deals at the lowest prices on eBay! The Hermes lever harp has a classic pedal harp look with a contemporary twi Hermes 40 string lever harp with Gut strings &BioCarbon strings by Salvi Pop, jazz, classical: The Rainbow 40 is Salvis answer for an extremely versatile small pedal harp. You~, Thanks! Lovely 46 string russian pedal harp which has recieved a full service and a number of new strings prior to sale. The perfect balance of technology and tradition, this harp stands out due to the innovative concept of its sound box and soundboard. Current Pedal Harp Price ListEtude Range Brochure (4.8MB PDF)Main Aoyama Range Brochure (8.5MB PDF)Llyfrynnau CymraegTelynau pedal Etude (4.8MB PDF), View Currently Available Second Hand HarpsView Currently Available Antique Harps. Condition is virtually as new. Maple/beech body, spruce soundboard. Rental harps: Find out More The harp comes with a dust cover, padded travel cover, Teifi folding trolley and a large number of spare strings. Cartolinascroll detailed scansimages. Semi-Grand and Petite Pedal Harps | HarpConnection.com We also have a listing of SECOND HAND HARPS currently available. Lyon & Healy Chicago 40 Mahogany (Consignment #71308)-SOLD. A size of 43 stringsA set includes -> tunerA experience level equivalent to hobbiest and this is also a countryregion of manufacture equivalent to united kingdom as well as in particular: instruments, sebastian , Pedal harp vintage. Harpy Harps USA Harpy Iris 22 Strings Harp - Electric Acoustic - Made in USA Silver 2022 - Silver. If you would like to list your harp for free on this page, or for us to actively sell it for you, please contact us to make arrangements. 14-Day Return Policy. As well as the new harps we make, check out our current availability of second-hand harps. We will send you an email notification, Createspace independent publishing platform. Click here todownload the latest harp register, Insurance is not required as part of purchase and premium is an indication only for a new. Salvi Harps - Pedal Harps & Lever Harps Based on your location, we've changed your settings: By clicking Subscribe, I agree to receive exclusive offers & promotions, news & reviews, and personalized tips for buying and selling on Reverb. Salvi Diana in excellent condition with a new soundboard fitted by NT Harps prior to sale. Antique Wurlitzer Starke Pedal Harp #957 Around 1920 $3,995.00 Local Pickup Antique Lyon & Healy 42 String Pedal Harp $8,000.00 $500.00 shipping or Best Offer 20 watching Pedal Harp - Concert Grand With Rose Carvings $20,000.00 Local Pickup or Best Offer 34 watching Salvi Daphne Ebony 46 String Italian Pedal Harp, Bench & Case #42624 $11,500.00 Harps | The Enchanted Harp Dusty Strings Ravenna 26 #8271 - Sale pending $950.00 Inquire for Availability. Pedal Harps Serving the Harp World Since 1817 Follow us Contact us Account 0.00 Shop Harps Lever & Pedal Harps In Stock Harps Antique Harps Second Hand Harps Harps by Brand Salvi Lyon & Healy Aoyama Dusty Strings Triplett Harps Noteworthy Accessories Amplification Covers and Carry Bags Trolleys Electronic Tuners Tuning Keys Tuning Key Holders A popular starting point for pedal harpists. Professional Pedal Harps - Lyon & Healy Collections Rainbow SGPop, jazz, classical: The Rainbow is Salvis answer for an extremely versatile semi-grand pedal harp. Pedal harp string-spacing and tension. It should be noted this is a Lunacharski harp which is made to a much higher standard than the modern Russian Resonance harps. Rainbow CGPop, jazz, classical: The Rainbow is Salvis answer for an extremely versatile concert grand pedal harp. Maker: Salvi; Height:187cm;Weight: 41kg. 38 string Salvi Una lever harp. Why Choose Jack Hayward Instrument Insurance? We currently have the following quality harps available for sale: Big Blue 47 string electro-acoustic pedal harp with extended soundboard in blue finish. <>/ExtGState<>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/Annots[ 17 0 R 18 0 R 19 0 R 20 0 R] /MediaBox[ 0 0 595.32 841.92] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Petra Dual Air Fryer Double . Comes with dust cover, tuning key and selection of spare strings. . It already has an excellent rich sound which will only get better with time. Watermark text scans,. This harp would make an ideal begginers or practice harp. This advert is located in and around Abbeydore, Herefordshire. 560, Orchestra model, Golden, 47strings, built in 1979 and in perfect conditions. Salvi Harps offers an unequalled sound quality, uses exclusive production technologies and counts on skilled and passionate craftsmen. Aeolian 47The undecorated version of the Princess Sakura understated, elegant and classic. Enter Our Online Shop. This harp is an ideal instrument for those wanting to explore me Our4-stringminiature harpis an idealgift, the musical beginning for a toddler or abeautifulornament onanymusic lover's desk! Camac TD47 10,500.00 Erard Grecian 14,000.00 Erard Gothic 4,750.00 Lyon and Healy Printed 270gsm high. The new showroom in Milan, via Cadore 47, fully reflects the elegance and harmony expressed by our musical instruments. The card buying. Second Hand Harps - Shop - Morley Harps Brand New. Lyon & Healy Style 100 SG - SOLD! For players who demand the very best from their harp. The harp is easily one of the most recognizable symbols of music in the world with traditions present in a wide array of world cultures dating back thousands of years. Subcategories Second Hand Harps Antique Harps Harps In Stock 1 2 The Daphne Pedal harps are handcrafted by Salvi's expert Italian craftsmen of select maple and spruce to create a harp of great beauty and resonance. This instrument is ideal for f Ana 40 string lever harp with Gut strings and BioCarbonSynthetic Stringsby Salvi This semi-grand pedal harp is a perfect blend of class and comfort from Salvi Harps. Pedal Harps have between 40 and 47 strings and have 7 pedals around the base; one for each note of the scale. Maker: Aoyama; Height:185cm;Weight: 39.6kg. The deposit is just 100. This is a superb example of Grecian Erard. A new neck and soundboard were fitted in 2005 by Niebisch & Tree, both of which are in excellent condition. For example, when the C pedal is changed from the flat to natural, this will change ALL the C strings on the harp to natural; push the C pedal down a further notch for C-sharp. purchased in January 2022 and kept at home so is in showroom condition. A competitively priced, extended soundboard harp. The harp can be viewed and played, by appointment, at our High Wycombe showroom. The Titan is a beautifully designed 38 string lever harp with a deep, rich and clear s Hermes 40 string lever harp with BioCarbonSynthetic Stringsby Salvi These instruments include the concert-harps you often see playing in an orchestra. The harp has had a full set ofgut strings and several wire strings replaced prior to sale, as well as having a full service. Pedal Harp for sale in UK | 43 used Pedal Harps Maker: Salvi; Height:178cm;Weight: 37kg. The harp can be viewed and played by appointment at our High Wycombe workshop. Cheap. Maker: Salvi; Height:185cm;Weight: 39.5kg. These harps retail now at 5,000. Find a Harp Pre-owned, Used Fresh~, L174721 victoria albert. findaharp.com is closing down Thank you for using our site !! Taking place at Lyon & Healy Hall in Chicago, USA, The classical music collection dedicated to the centenary of the birth of Victor Salvi (1920-2020) is now available on digital platformsPractice, Practice, Practice.. Used Harps Virginia Harp Center Maker: Salvi; Height:175cm;Weight: 34kg. There seems to be a problem serving the request at this time, Moulinex Food Processor Electric Vegetable Chopper 2 Speeds 2.4L 600W Cream, Salter Health Grill Multi Cooker Air Fryer Aero Grill (Damaged Packaging), DYZI FULLY RECHARGEABLE BICYCLE / SUPER BRIGHT BIKE LIGHTS SET LIGHT WATERPROOF, Vax Glide Hard Floor Cleaner Upright CLHF-GLKSRB Refurbished, Coolant Antifreeze G12+ RED Ready Mixed 2x5L Long Life German Hi Spec 10 Litre, BRAND Joop Homme 200ml Men's Fragrance Eau De Toilette, Cadbury Chocolate Sweet Gift Box Hamper Dairy Milk Personalised Birthday Easter, Costume, Occasion & Specialized Clothing, Shoes & Accessories, Mobile Phones, Smart Watches, Accessories & Communication, Bathroom Fixtures, Accessories & Supplies, Industrial Printing & Graphic Arts Equipment, Shaving & Hair Removal Products & Equipment. Think of these harps as a blank canvas that you can add almost anything to, in order to make it your dream instrument. Harps - New & Used Harps For Sale | Reverb 01367 860493 / [email protected] Opening Hours. The harp has a lovely sound and has had a partial restring and service prior to being offered for sale. The EMS 29 string Gothic Harp is an inexpensive, but substantially built gothic harp. Second hand. Peda~, L174979 victoria albert. For Sale - Pedal Maker Style Price Aoyama Orpheus 46 10,900.00 Aoyama Etude 42 7,250.00 Aoyama Monarch Gold. Complete with set of heavy duty, padded Camac travel covers and dust cover (value 350). This harp is 10 years old and in very good condition. In particular: gothic, pedal. Pedal Harp Collection The Wave Collection All harps made from 1st January 2023 are covered by our LIFETIME GUARANTEE find out more Hand painting Our passion is creating an eclectic mix of harps to suit individuals, catering for all ages, abilities and genres. Harp in London | Stuff for Sale - Gumtree Each pedal has 3 positions which create the flat, natural or sharp. Over 200 Years of Experience. Professional Pedal Harps. Monarch 47This grand concert harp represents the ultimate dedication to quality in design, selection of materials and pride in craftsmanship. The harp can be viewed and played, by appointment, at our High Wycombe showroom. Fast Shipping. The harp also comes with a padded travel cover. Salvi Delta electric harp, 29 strings, Camac levers 4years old, I'm the second owner and have used it mainly for recording. Horngacher No. Salvi Delta Electric Harp. The Titan is a beautifully designed 38 string lever harp with a deep, rich and clear so TTitan 38 string lever harp with BioCarbon strings by Salvi Harps - Shop - Morley Harps Used. This semi-grand pedal harp is a perfect blend of class and comfort from Salvi Harps. The harp is made of walnut and is in generally very good condition with some cosmetic wear commensurate with its age. endobj New from $13,500*. 3. Harps - Pilgrim Harps Lechlade GL7 3JG, UK. <>/Metadata 700 0 R/ViewerPreferences 701 0 R>> Designed for manageability and high quality of sound, this is the chamber sized Daphne 47, with extended soundboard. %PDF-1.7 Economica~, From musical instruments:. Amphion 47A desirable professional instrument, with a sleek, modern appearance. Please check the fields highlighted in red. REGISTER OF AVAILABLE HARPS 13th January 2023 USED PEDAL HARPS FOR SALE Description Location Contact Price Insurance Premium1 Camac Athena (2007). As pedals are operated by foot, both hands remain free whilst playing. % Please call to arrange a visit ; Clive Morley Harps . Minerva 47The unique elegance of the Minerva 47 is a combination of a masterful sculpture and the bright natural beauty of the wood. Free Shipping. This would be a perfect for a student or someone looking for a period harp. New Pedal Harps Used Harps Current Inventory Rental Program About Rental Harps Forms & Documents . The best place to buy recorders, viols, lutes, harps, percussion and more. By clicking on "Accept" you are agree to the use of cookies. These instruments include the concert-harps you often see playing in an orchestra. The harp has not been heavily played throughout its life so has a smooth and quiet action and will not require any work for years to come. Original victorian litho. Maker: Aoyama; Height:180/181cm; Weight: 32kg. The harp comes with a set of custom leather padded covers, a selection of spare strings, 2 Korg tuners and a trolley. The neck is quite thick and it is unlikely this will change the structural integrity of the harp. Oops, looks like you forgot something. United-Kingdom , Acoustic sebastian erard. endobj Second Hand Pedal Harps | Harp Chamber Maker: Aoyama; Height:187cm; Weight: 36kg. We enjoyed connecting harps with harpists for the past two years. Great reasons to rent a harp from Pilgrim Harps: Pilgrim Harps make the harp for the individual; as well aschoosing your own colourand finish,you canhave artwork and carvings designed to make your harp unique. Donegal represents the revival of the Celtic harp tradition. The 12 string Knee Harp is an inexpensive, but beautifullybuilt smallharp. 40-String Petite Pedal Harp. Built with a Sitka Spruce soundboard and Hard Maple body, the Chicago harps have a clear and dependable sound. 1 0 obj Maker: Salvi; Height:187cm;Weight: 39.5kg. A beautiful professional quality lever harp with an even resonant tone. This harp is an ideal instrument for those wanting to explore EMS 22 String Lute Harp is made of a rosewood frame with a laminated soundboard and back to a typical Celtic design. . ~, Collectable cigarette card. 21,500.00 o.n.o. Combined postage available. Nylgut/gut stringing. We do not have any pedal harps for sale at this time. Professional Pedal Harps - Lyon & Healy Collections Professional Pedal Harps True, unmistakable Lyon & Healy sound: clear and resonant with carrying ability. Liquid error (snippets/pagination line 62): include usage is not allowed in this context, Liquid error (snippets/quick-shop line 3): include usage is not allowed in this context, ** total_quantity ** | ** unit_price ** / ** unit_measure **, Silver Harp Bundle - Heritage 22 String Heather Harp, Gold Harp Bundle - Heritage 29-String Minstrel Harp, Bronze Harp Bundle - Heritage 19 String Pixie Harp, EMS 22 String Lute Harp - with padded bag and tuning key, Mia 34 string harp (BioCarbon strings) in mahogany finish by Salvi, Platinum Harp Bundle - Heritage 36 String 'Meghan' Harp, Juno 27 string harp (BioCarbon strings) in mahogany finish by Salvi, Mia 34 string harp (Gut strings) in natural finish by Salvi, Mia 34 string harp (Gut strings) in cherry finish by Salvi, Ogden 34 string harp (Gut strings) in natural finish by Lyon & Healy, Mia 34 string harp (BioCarbon strings) in natural finish by Salvi, Juno 27 string harp (BioCarbon strings) in red finish by Salvi, Juno 27 string harp (BioCarbon strings) in cherry finish by Salvi, Mia 34 string harp (BioCarbon strings) in cherry finish by Salvi, Titan 38 string harp (Gut strings) in natural finish by Salvi, EMS Heritage 22 String Lever Harp in Black, EMS Heritage 22 String Heather Harp (Previously Owned), Mia 34 string harp (BioCarbon strings) in blue finish by Salvi, Mia 34 string harp (Gut strings) in green finish by Salvi, Juno 27 string harp (BioCarbon strings) in blue finish by Salvi, Juno 27 string harp (BioCarbon strings) in green finish by Salvi, Gaia 38 string harp (Pedal tension strings) in green finish by Salvi, Mia 34 string harp (BioCarbon strings) in green finish by Salvi, 19 String Romanesque Style Harp by George Stevens, Juno 25 string harp (BioCarbon strings) in mahogany finish by Salvi, Juno 25 string harp (BioCarbon strings) in cherry finish by Salvi, Una 38 string harp (Silkgut strings) in green finish by Salvi, Una 38 string harp (Silkgut strings) in mahogany finish by Salvi, Titan 38 string harp (Gut strings) in mahogany finish by Salvi, Titan 38 string harp (Gut strings) in cherry finish by Salvi, Titan 38 string harp (BioCarbon strings) in cherry finish by Salvi, Titan 38 string harp (BioCarbon strings) in mahogany finish by Salvi, Mia 34 string harp (Gut strings) in mahogany finish by Salvi, Hermes 40 string harp (BioCarbon strings) in mahogany finish by Salvi, Hermes 40 string harp (Gut strings) in mahogany finish by Salvi, Gaia 38 string harp (Pedal tension strings) in mahogany finish by Salvi, Gaia 38 string harp (Pedal tension strings) in cherry finish by Salvi, Donegal 34 string harp (Carbon fibre strings) in black finish by Salvi, Donegal 34 string harp (Carbon fibre strings) in walnut finish by Salvi, Donegal 34 string harp (Carbon fibre strings) in mahogany finish by Salvi, Ana 40 string harp (Gut strings) in walnut finish by Salvi. Camac Atlantide Prestige, 7 years old. Second Hand Harps - JACK HAYWARD INSURANCE SERVICES Lyon & Healy Harps Collections - Discover our Lines Classic Lever Harps | HarpConnection.com Tim Hampson 22 string Ossian harp. A popular starting point for pedal harpists. The Titan is a beautifully designed 38 string lever harp with a deep, rich and EMS Heritage 22 String Lever Harp in Black incorporates plastic levers with a metal base and uses the best features of both Celtic and modern harp POref. $940 $390 price drop. Maker: Salvi; Height:176cm;Weight: 37kg. The range includes harps for each investment choice: from beginners to students, from teachers to performers on stages around the world. Aurora 47Simple elegance and understated lines united with the quality of sound that surpasses the demands of any concert harpist. it has a beautiful loud tone which is to be expected with a Teifi Eos harp. Designed for manageability and high quality of sound, this is the full sized Daphne 47, with extended soundboard. Pre-owned or used Harps of all types -- Lever Harps, Pedal Harps, Wire Harps, Celtic Harps, Irish Harps, Folk Harps -- great search capabilities from harp stores around the US and Canada. Click any linked harp for photo: Maker: Aoyama; Height:175cm;Weight: 34kg. Each pedal has 3 positions which create the flat, natural or sharp. 47 strings. PDF REGISTER OF AVAILABLE HARPS - jacksworldofmusic.co.uk Pedal harp~, Cards collect pleased. The new Salvi Electra features individual string pickups plus a 48th pickup for the soundboard itself. Pedal harps can be reserved by placing a 20% deposit either by telephone or on-line. Made in 2004. Location:- Niebisch and Tree showroom (High Wycombe). Pilgrim Harps Charity Christmas Video Campaign. 5 days ago. 1,600.00. Juno 25 string lever harp withBioCarbon strings by SalviVersatile, portable, brilliant. For sale openly. the harp has some missing strings as it has not been played for several years. Consignment harp - Salvi Daphne 47SE Mahogany with Shamrock decoration on soundboard (SOLD) Brand: Salvi; Model: Daphne 47SE; Custom: Diana decorated soundboard; Finish: Mahogany; Years of use: 3; Accessories: dust cover; Condition: Excellent; Price: HKD106,000 Salvi Harps is pleased to introduce the new carbon fiber body Delta C, a lighter version of the popular Delta, with overall reduced dimensions, at a mere 3,8 kg (8.3 lbs). 8,495 ONO For Sale HARP - Grecian Erard beautiful pedal harp. Your purchases also help protect forests, including trees traditionally used to make instruments. In the spirit of the modern skyline of their namesake, the Chicago harps have a neoclassical style and design. Consignment. Pedal Harp for sale on UK's largest auction and classifieds sites Page updated : 10 Feb 2023, 20:11 44 ads Home > Musical Instruments & DJ Equipment Refine your search ab clarinet used saxophones koto epilog laser Choose a category Collectables Music 1957 silvertone model 1957 silvertone model. Pedal Harps have between 40 and 47 strings and have 7 pedals around the base; one for each note of the scale. Location: Pilgrim Harps, Surrey Contact: Pilgrim Harps - 01342 893242 info@pilgrimharps.co.uk Reference: 1588 Erard Gothic 4,000 Description: The world's largest source of historical musicals instruments, sheet music and accessories. Contact one of our specialists today! It would make a beautiful decorative addition to any room. . Comes with tuning keys, inner and outer cover. We found 94 'used harps' for sale adverts for you in the UK and Ireland . The continued popularity of this, the first grand concert harp to be produced by Aoyama, bears testimony to the original design concept. The harp is in fantastic cosmetic condition with only a few small marks. Lever harps are smaller than pedal harps and have between 20 and 40 strings, with 34 being the most usual. If you are interested in buying one of the listed harps and require more details, please feel free to email us or phone on 01494 913686. The 34 string Mia is an elegant, high quality instrument with a rich, clear so Our 36-stringMeghan Harp is a substantially built, Celtic lever harp. $11,500.00. The 34 string Mia is an elegant, high quality instrument with a rich, clear sou Titan 38 string lever harp with Gut and BioCarbon strings by Salvi <> Pedal Harps - Used Pedal Harps - Atlanta Harp Center LLC Manor Park, London. The range includes harps for each investment choice: from beginners to students, from teachers to performers on stages around the world. The harp can be viewed and played at the NT Harps showroom. Pedal Harp Electric Harp Shop by Experience Level Beginner Advanced Expert Best selling 22 Strings Rosewood Celtic Irish Harp Carrying Case & Tuning Key (3) 299.99 New Deluxe 19 String Harp With Levers by Gear4music Black 349.99 New All Auction Buy it now 9,557 results Experience Level Finish Features Year Manufactured Condition Price TheOgden Harpis a34 Bow Brand Gutstrung lever harp made byLyon & Healy Contacts. Used second hand harps | Blondel, Lyon & Healy, Avalon, Erard Gothic Salvi Harps offers an unequalled sound quality, uses exclusive production technologies and counts on skilled and passionate craftsmen. Princess SakuraEffortless portability and playability in one stunning looking and sounding harp. Selling to put towards a pedal harp. Second Hand Pedal Harps Secondhand Pedal Harps for Sale. Pedal Harps For Sale. 2 x 1kg Lavazza Qualita Rossa Coffee Beans Free UK Delivery. Details. And Our19-string PixieHarp is an inexpensive, small Celtic lever harp. We are pleased to introduce Sipario BioCarbon strings, made using a blend of a recently discovered bio-plastic derived from sugar-cane. The harp comes with a padded travel cover that is also in very good condition. Pedal Harps for sale | eBay Great Savings & Free Delivery / Collection on many items Buy Pedal Harp Harps and get the best deals at the lowest prices on eBay! Frank Sievert 36 string, Silmaril model made in 1998 with Loveland levers. ~, Gloss 21cmx30cmor10x8 inch. The harp comes with a dust cover, padded Salvi top cover, trolley and tuning key.